09.3 Control Flow

9.3 | Transfer Statement

Java provides six language constructs to tranfer control or exit loops in a program.

1. break
2. continue
3. return
4. try ...catch ...finally
5. throw
6. assert

break ...statement

break ...statement terminates a loop.

For example, the following code showed how to terminate a while and for a loop.

continue ...statement

continue ...statement exits the current iteration and starts executing the next iteration.

For example, the following code prints all numbers except number 3.

return ...statement

return ...statement stops code execution of a method and transfer control back to the calling code.

try ...catch ...finally ...statement

try ...catch ...finally ...statement is used for handling exceptions. (Further, discuss in section 'Exception Handling'.)


throws ...statement

throws ...statement is used for handling exceptions. (Further, discuss in section 'Exception Handling'.)


assert ...statement

assert ...statements are used to validate the assumptions made about the program. Assertions are expected to be true when assert statement are executed. In case it is false, the Java Virtual Machine (JVM)  throws a special error of AssertionError class. Assertion error are not handle but allowed to propagate to the top level.

Note: Assertion facility can be enabled or disabled at run-time. If disabled, assert statements are not executed during run-time.